E-Tile Transceiver PHY User Guide

Download PDF
ID 683723
Date 4/01/2024
Public
Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Overview 2. Implementing the Transceiver PHY Layer 3. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Architecture 4. Clock Network 5. PMA Calibration 6. Resetting Transceiver Channels 7. Dynamic Reconfiguration 8. Dynamic Reconfiguration Examples 9. Register Map 10. Debugging E-Tile Transceiver Links A. E-Tile Channel Placement Tool B. PMA Direct PAM4 30 Gbps to 57.8 Gbps Implementation C. Signal Detect Algorithm D. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Mission Mode to Channel Protection Mode E. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Channel Protection Mode to Mission Mode F. Hold Timing Violation
1. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Overview x
1.1. Supported Features 1.2. E-Tile Layout in Stratix® 10 Device Variants 1.3. E-Tile Layout in Agilex™ 7 F-Series Device Variants 1.4. Transceiver Counts 1.5. E-Tile Building Blocks 1.6. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Overview Revision History
1.2. E-Tile Layout in Stratix® 10 Device Variants x
1.2.1. Stratix® 10 TX H-Tile and E-Tile Configurations 1.2.2. Stratix® 10 MX H-Tile and E-Tile Configurations 1.2.3. Stratix® 10 DX P-Tile and E-Tile Configurations
1.5. E-Tile Building Blocks x
1.5.1. GXE Transceiver Channel 1.5.2. GXE Channel Usage 1.5.3. Reference Clocks 1.5.4. Ethernet Hard IP (EHIP) 1.5.5. Supported Applications/Modes 1.5.6. Feature Comparison Between Transceiver Tiles
2. Implementing the Transceiver PHY Layer x
2.1. Transceiver Design Flow in the Native PHY IP Core 2.2. Configuring the Native PHY IP Core 2.3. Implementing the Transceiver PHY Layer Revision History
2.1. Transceiver Design Flow in the Native PHY IP Core x
2.1.1. E-Tile Native PHY IP Core
2.2. Configuring the Native PHY IP Core x
2.2.1. General and Datapath Parameters 2.2.2. PMA Parameters 2.2.3. Core Interface Options 2.2.4. PMA Interface 2.2.5. PMA Adaptation Parameters 2.2.6. Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction (RS-FEC) Parameters 2.2.7. Reset Parameters 2.2.8. Dynamic Reconfiguration Parameters 2.2.9. Deskew Logic 2.2.10. Port Information 2.2.11. PLL Mode 2.2.12. Simplex Support
2.2.2. PMA Parameters x
2.2.2.1. TX PMA Options 2.2.2.2. TX PMA Pre-equalization 2.2.2.3. RX PMA Options 2.2.2.4. RX PMA Optional Ports
2.2.3. Core Interface Options x
2.2.3.1. Core Interface Parameters 2.2.3.2. TX Clock Options 2.2.3.3. RX Clock Options 2.2.3.4. Latency Measurement Options
2.2.4. PMA Interface x
2.2.4.1. PMA Interface Options 2.2.4.2. Gearbox 64/66
2.2.6. Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction (RS-FEC) Parameters x
2.2.6.1. Fibre-Channel and CPRI Modes 2.2.6.2. 128 GFC Mode 2.2.6.3. 25 GbE FEC Direct Mode 2.2.6.4. Interlaken Mode
3. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Architecture x
3.1. Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Architecture 3.2. Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) Architecture 3.3. Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction (RS-FEC) Architecture 3.4. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Architecture Revision History
3.1. Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) Architecture x
3.1.1. Transmitter PMA 3.1.2. Receiver PMA 3.1.3. PMA Tuning 3.1.4. Duplex Adaptation Flow 3.1.5. RX Simplex Adaptation Flow 3.1.6. Dynamic Reconfiguration Adaptation Flow 3.1.7. Loopback modes 3.1.8. PMA Interface 3.1.9. TX PMA Bonding 3.1.10. Unused Transceiver Channels 3.1.11. Low Power Mode (LPM)
3.1.1. Transmitter PMA x
3.1.1.1. High Speed Differential Transmitter 3.1.1.2. Gray Encoder/Precoder 3.1.1.3. Serializer 3.1.1.4. Data Pattern Generation
3.1.1.1. High Speed Differential Transmitter x
3.1.1.1.1. High Speed Transmitter Line Buffer 3.1.1.1.2. TX Equalizer
3.1.2. Receiver PMA x
3.1.2.1. Receiver Buffer 3.1.2.2. Clock Data Recovery (CDR) Block 3.1.2.3. Input Sampler 3.1.2.4. Deserializer 3.1.2.5. Data Pattern Verifier
3.1.2.1. Receiver Buffer x
3.1.2.1.1. Programmable Termination Modes 3.1.2.1.2. RX Adaptation Modes PMA Initial Adaptation Effort Status
3.1.3. PMA Tuning x
3.1.3.1. Purpose of PMA Tuning 3.1.3.2. PMA Bring Up Flow 3.1.3.3. PMA Tuning Guidelines 3.1.3.4. General PMA Tuning Guidelines
3.1.7. Loopback modes x
3.1.7.1. Internal Serial Loopback Path 3.1.7.2. Reverse Parallel Loopback Path
3.1.9. TX PMA Bonding x
3.1.9.1. Transceiver Interface Deskew Logic 3.1.9.2. Dedicated Balanced PLL Reference Clock Tree
3.1.10. Unused Transceiver Channels x
3.1.10.1. Unused Transceiver Channels in a Used Tile 3.1.10.2. Unused Transceiver Channels in Completely Unused Tiles 3.1.10.3. Unused Transceiver Channels in High-Speed PAM4 Mode 3.1.10.4. Reconfiguring from Mission Mode to Channel Protection Mode 3.1.10.5. Reconfiguring from Channel Protection Mode to Mission Mode
3.3. Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction (RS-FEC) Architecture x
3.3.1. RS-FEC Modes
4. Clock Network x
4.1. Reference Clock Pins 4.2. Core Clock Network Use Case 4.3. Clock Network Revision History
4.1. Reference Clock Pins x
4.1.1. QSF Assignments for Reference Clock Pins 4.1.2. Dynamic Reconfiguration of Reference Clock
4.2. Core Clock Network Use Case x
4.2.1. Single 25 Gbps PMA Direct Channel (with FEC) Within a Single FEC Block 4.2.2. Single 10 Gbps PMA Direct Channel (without FEC) 4.2.3. Four 25 Gbps PMA Direct Channel (with FEC) within a Single FEC Block 4.2.4. PMA Direct 25 Gbps x 4 (FEC Off) 4.2.5. PMA Direct 10.3125 Gbps x 4 4.2.6. PMA Direct 100GE Gbps (25 Gbps x 4) (FEC On) 4.2.7. PMA Direct 100GE PAM4 (50 Gbps x 2) (Aggregate FEC On) 4.2.8. PMA Direct High Data Rate (FEC Off)
4.2.3. Four 25 Gbps PMA Direct Channel (with FEC) within a Single FEC Block x
4.2.3.1. Master-Slave Configuration: Option 1 4.2.3.2. Master-Slave Configuration: Option 2
5. PMA Calibration x
5.1. PMA Calibration Revision History
6. Resetting Transceiver Channels x
6.1. When Is Reset Required? 6.2. How Do I Reset? 6.3. Reset Block Architecture 6.4. PMA Analog Reset 6.5. High Level Specification 6.6. Master-Slave Clocking Option 2 Reset Details 6.7. Quartus® Prime Instantiated Transceiver Reset Sequencer 6.8. Block Diagrams 6.9. Interfaces 6.10. Resetting Transceiver Channels Revision History
6.2. How Do I Reset? x
6.2.1. Disabling the E-Tile Transceiver 6.2.2. Selecting the Reset Controller's Clock Source
6.5. High Level Specification x
6.5.1. Automatic Reset Mode 6.5.2. Manual Reset Mode 6.5.3. Reset Controller Bypass
6.5.3. Reset Controller Bypass x
6.5.3.1. Reset Controller Bypass Ports 6.5.3.2. Reset Controller Bypass Reset Procedure
6.9. Interfaces x
6.9.1. Reset Parameters in the Native PHY GUI 6.9.2. HDL Ports/Interfaces
7. Dynamic Reconfiguration x
7.1. Dynamically Reconfiguring Channel Blocks 7.2. Dynamic Reconfiguration Maximum Data Rate Switch 7.3. Interacting with the Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface 7.4. Unsupported Features 7.5. Reading from the Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface 7.6. Writing to the Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface 7.7. Multiple Reconfiguration Profiles 7.8. Arbitration 7.9. Recommendations for PMA Dynamic Reconfiguration 7.10. Steps to Perform Dynamic Reconfiguration 7.11. PMA Attribute Details 7.12. Dynamic Reconfiguration Flow for Special Cases 7.13. Ports and Parameters 7.14. Embedded Debug Features 7.15. Timing Closure Recommendations 7.16. Transceiver Register Map 7.17. Loading IP Configuration Settings 7.18. Dynamic Reconfiguration Revision History
7.7. Multiple Reconfiguration Profiles x
7.7.1. Reconfiguration Files 7.7.2. Embedded Reconfiguration Streamer
7.7.2. Embedded Reconfiguration Streamer x
7.7.2.1. Register 0x40140 7.7.2.2. Register 0x40141
7.12. Dynamic Reconfiguration Flow for Special Cases x
7.12.1. Switching Reference Clocks 7.12.2. Reconfiguring PMA Settings
7.12.1. Switching Reference Clocks x
7.12.1.1. Switching Between Any Two refclk[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] Reference Clocks or Changing the Reference Clock Frequency on refclk[0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] 7.12.1.2. Switching from/to refclk[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] to/from refclk[8] 7.12.1.3. Changing the refclk[1] Reference Clock Frequency
7.14. Embedded Debug Features x
7.14.1. Native PHY Debug Master Endpoint (NPDME) 7.14.2. Optional Dynamic Reconfiguration Logic
7.14.2. Optional Dynamic Reconfiguration Logic x
7.14.2.1. Capability Registers 7.14.2.2. Control and Status Registers
7.17. Loading IP Configuration Settings x
7.17.1. Loading IP Configuration Settings Process 7.17.2. Alternative Method for Setting PMA Attributes
8. Dynamic Reconfiguration Examples x
8.1. Reconfiguring the Duplex PMA Using the Reset Controller in Automatic Mode 8.2. PRBS Usage Model 8.3. PMA Error Injection 8.4. PMA Receiver Equalization Adaptation Usage Model 8.5. User-Defined Pattern Example 8.6. Configuring the Attenuation Value (VOD) 8.7. Configuring the Post Emphasis Value 8.8. Configuring pretap1 Values 8.9. Inverting TX Polarity for the PMA Driver 8.10. Inverting RX Polarity for the PMA Driver 8.11. Configuring a PMA Parameter Tunable by the Adaptive Engine 8.12. Configuring a PMA Parameter Using Native PHY IP 8.13. Enabling Low Power Mode for Multiple Channels 8.14. Initializing an RX 8.15. Resetting the RX Equalization 8.16. Dynamic Reconfiguration Examples Revision History
8.12. Configuring a PMA Parameter Using Native PHY IP x
8.12.1. PMA Bring Up Flow Using Native PHY IP 8.12.2. Native PHY IP GUI Details 8.12.3. Loading a PMA Configuration
9. Register Map x
9.1. PMA Register Map 9.2. PMA Attribute Codes 9.3. PMA Registers 0x200 to 0x203 Usage 9.4. Supported Data Rate Ratios for PMA Attribute Codes 0x0005 and 0x0006 9.5. RS-FEC Registers 9.6. Register Map Revision History
9.1. PMA Register Map x
9.1.1. PMA Capability Registers 9.1.2. PMA Control and Status Registers 9.1.3. PMA Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface
9.2. PMA Attribute Codes x
9.2.1. 0x0001: PMA Enable/Disable 9.2.2. 0x0002: PMA PRBS Settings 9.2.3. 0x0003: Data Comparison Set Up and Start/Stop 9.2.4. 0x0005: TX Channel Divide By Ratio 9.2.5. 0x0006: RX Channel Divide By Ratio 9.2.6. 0x0008: Internal Serial Loopback and Reverse Parallel Loopback Control 9.2.7. 0x000A: Receiver Tuning Controls 9.2.8. 0x000E: RX Phase Slip 9.2.9. 0x0011: PMA TX/RX Calibration 9.2.10. 0x0013: TX/RX Polarity and Gray Code Encoding 9.2.11. 0x0014: TX/RX Width Mode 9.2.12. 0x0015: TX Equalization 9.2.13. 0x0017: Error Counter Reset 9.2.14. 0x0018: Status/Debug Register 9.2.15. 0x0019: Status/Debug Register Next Write Field 9.2.16. 0x001A: Status/Debug Register Next Read Field 9.2.17. 0x001B: TX Error Injection Signal 9.2.18. 0x001C: Incoming RX Data Capture 9.2.19. 0x001E: Error Count Status 9.2.20. 0x0020: Electrical Idle Detector 9.2.21. 0x002B: RX Termination and TX Driver Tri-state Behavior 9.2.22. 0x0030: PMA Mux Clock Swap 9.2.23. 0x0126: Read Receiver Tuning Parameters 9.2.24. Reading and Writing PMA Analog Parameters Using Attributes
9.2.24. Reading and Writing PMA Analog Parameters Using Attributes x
9.2.24.1. Reading PMA Analog Parameters 9.2.24.2. Updating PMA Analog Parameters 9.2.24.3. Loading Parameters into the Receiver 9.2.24.4. Fixing Parameter Values 9.2.24.5. Reading NRZ/PAM4 Eye Height 9.2.24.6. Enabling and Disabling Electrical Idle Detector Filtering and Reading Electrical Idle Detector Status 9.2.24.7. Initial Adaptation Effort Levels
9.3. PMA Registers 0x200 to 0x203 Usage x
9.3.1. PMA Analog Reset 9.3.2. Set PRBS Mode and Internal Serial Loopback 9.3.3. Use Cases for Opcode START_ADAPTATION 9.3.4. Read the Physical Channel Number 9.3.5. Check the PMA Adaptation Status 9.3.6. Load a PMA Configuration using Opcode LOAD_PMA_CONFIGURATION
9.5. RS-FEC Registers x
9.5.1. rsfec_top_clk_cfg 9.5.2. rsfec_top_tx_cfg 9.5.3. rsfec_top_rx_cfg 9.5.4. tx_aib_dsk_conf 9.5.5. rsfec_core_cfg 9.5.6. rsfec_lane_cfg 9.5.7. tx_aib_dsk_status 9.5.8. rsfec_debug_cfg 9.5.9. rsfec_lane_tx_stat 9.5.10. rsfec_lane_tx_hold 9.5.11. rsfec_lane_tx_inten 9.5.12. rsfec_lane_rx_stat 9.5.13. rsfec_lane_rx_hold 9.5.14. rsfec_lane_rx_inten 9.5.15. rsfec_lanes_rx_stat 9.5.16. rsfec_lanes_rx_hold 9.5.17. rsfec_lanes_rx_inten 9.5.18. rsfec_ln_mapping_rx 9.5.19. rsfec_ln_skew_rx 9.5.20. rsfec_cw_pos_rx 9.5.21. rsfec_core_ecc_hold 9.5.22. rsfec_err_inj_tx 9.5.23. rsfec_err_val_tx 9.5.24. rsfec_corr_cw_cnt (Low) 9.5.25. rsfec_corr_cw_cnt (High) 9.5.26. rsfec_uncorr_cw_cnt (Low) 9.5.27. rsfec_uncorr_cw_cnt (High) 9.5.28. rsfec_corr_syms_cnt (Low) 9.5.29. rsfec_corr_syms_cnt (High) 9.5.30. rsfec_corr_0s_cnt (Low) 9.5.31. rsfec_corr_0s_cnt (High) 9.5.32. rsfec_corr_1s_cnt (Low) 9.5.33. rsfec_corr_1s_cnt (High)
10. Debugging E-Tile Transceiver Links x
10.1. E-Tile Transceiver Toolkit Overview 10.2. E-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough 10.3. Modifying the Design to Enable E-Tile Transceiver Debug 10.4. Programming the Design into an Intel FPGA 10.5. Loading the Design in the E-Tile Transceiver Toolkit 10.6. Verifying E-Tile Hardware Connections 10.7. Running Transceiver Tests 10.8. Controlling PMA Analog Settings 10.9. Debugging E-Tile Transceiver Links Revision History
10.3. Modifying the Design to Enable E-Tile Transceiver Debug x
10.3.1. Debug Parameters for the E-Tile Transceiver IP in the Parameter Editor 10.3.2. Debug Parameters for Stratix® 10 E-Tile Transceiver Native PHY IP in the Parameter Editor 10.3.3. Instantiating and Parameterizing E-Tile Transceiver IP
10.7. Running Transceiver Tests x
10.7.1. Running BER Tests 10.7.2. Link Optimization Tests 10.7.3. Running Eye Viewer Tests
A. E-Tile Channel Placement Tool x
A.1. E-Tile Channel Placement Tool Revision History
B. PMA Direct PAM4 30 Gbps to 57.8 Gbps Implementation x
B.1. Building Blocks and Considerations B.2. Starting a New Quartus® Prime Pro Edition Design B.3. Selecting the Configuration Clock Source B.4. Instantiating the Transceiver Native PHY IP B.5. Instantiating the In-system Sources and Probes Intel® FPGA IP B.6. Making the Top Level Connection B.7. Assigning Pins B.8. Bringing up the Board B.9. Debug Tools B.10. PMA Direct PAM4 30 Gbps to 57.8 Gbps Implementation Revision History
B.9. Debug Tools x
B.9.1. Monitoring Transceiver Signals
C. Signal Detect Algorithm x
C.1. Signal Detect Algorithm Revision History
D. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Mission Mode to Channel Protection Mode x
D.1. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Mission Mode to Channel Protection Mode Revision History
E. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Channel Protection Mode to Mission Mode x
E.1. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Channel Protection Mode to Mission Mode Revision History
F. Hold Timing Violation x
F.1. Hold Timing Violation Revision History
1. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Overview
2. Implementing the Transceiver PHY Layer
3. E-Tile Transceiver PHY Architecture
4. Clock Network
5. PMA Calibration
6. Resetting Transceiver Channels
7. Dynamic Reconfiguration
8. Dynamic Reconfiguration Examples
9. Register Map
10. Debugging E-Tile Transceiver Links
A. E-Tile Channel Placement Tool
B. PMA Direct PAM4 30 Gbps to 57.8 Gbps Implementation
C. Signal Detect Algorithm
D. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Mission Mode to Channel Protection Mode
E. Detailed Steps for Reconfiguring from Channel Protection Mode to Mission Mode
F. Hold Timing Violation

3.1.2.1.2. RX Adaptation Modes

The E-tile supports the initial and continuous adaptation modes.
Table 41.  E-Tile Receiver PMA RX Adaptation Modes
Mode Description
Initial adaptation During initial adaptation, the adaptation engine adapts all of the RX analog front end (AFE) parameters to optimize the receiver eye opening and adjusts the vertical and horizontal sampling location accordingly.
  • This mode calibrates the PMA to known good settings.
  • It is disruptive tuning and impacts the data traffic.

Run initial adaptation under either of the following conditions:

  • On device configuration. Refer to PMA Bring Up Flow for more detail.
  • When there is change in the physical channel between TX and RX.
  • During debug, when you switch back and forth between internal serial loopback and mission mode and the BER readout is exceptionally high, Intel recommends that you issue a PMA reset followed by loopback mode and initial adaptation.
Continuous adaptation The goal of this adaptation is to maintain the signal quality at the sampler close to the initial adaptation over time and temperature.
  • This mode is run only after running initial adaptation during PMA bring up.
  • This mode tracks the temperature over time by continuously adapting new values of the RX AFE parameters.
  • This mode is a continuous and non-disruptive process, that is, it does not impact the data traffic.
  • During a link debug process with the hard PRBS generator and verifier, you cannot read out accumulated errors from the error counter unless you stop continuous adaptation. Details on PMA code and value to stop continuous adaptation are available in the PMA Register Map.

For more details on Register Read/Write support and programming, refer to PMA Receiver Equalization Adaptation Usage Model and 0x000A: Receiver Tuning Controls to configure these parameters.

Table 42.  PMA Parameter Description and RangeThis table lists all PMA parameters that can be optimized either manually or by the adaptation tuning engine. Some of these parameters are tuned by the adaptation tuning engine during initial adaptation and continuous adaptation as shown below. You can also manually specify some of these parameters. To avoid getting your manually optimized parameter overwritten by the adaptation tuning engine, you must fix the parameter. Refer to PMA Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Registers and PMA Receiver Equalization Adaptation Usage Model to understand how the parameter can be fixed such that it is not overwritten by the adaptation engine.
Parameter Min Max Initial Adaptation Continuous Adaptation Manual Optimization Possible Firmware Default
GainLF 0 15 Yes Yes Yes 8
CTLE LF Min 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 0
CTLE LF Max 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 15
GainHF 0 15 Yes Yes Yes 0
CTLE HF min 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 0
CTLE HF max 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 15
GS1 0 3 No No Yes 0
GS2 0 3 No No Yes 0
RF_P2 -10 15 10 Yes No No 0
RF_P2_MIN -1015 10 N/A N/A Yes -10
RF_P2_MAX -1015 10 N/A N/A Yes 10
RF_P1 0 15 Yes Yes No 0
RF_P1_MIN 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 0
RF_P1_MAX 0 15 N/A N/A Yes 15
RF_P0 -1515 15 Yes Yes No 0
RF_B1 0 8 Yes Yes Yes 0
RF_B0 0 5 Yes Yes Yes 0
RF_B0T 0 50 No No Yes 0
RF_A - NRZ 100 160 No No Yes 160 16
RF_A - PAM4 100 160 No No Yes 130 17

PMA Initial Adaptation Effort Status

  • 0 = Low Effort (00_effort) is for NRZ Ethernet AN/LT and CPRI protocols only and is the quickest to complete. This meets the 500 ms compliance time for Ethernet and 100 ms compliance time for CPRI.
  • 1 = Medium Effort (05_effort) is for the PAM4 Ethernet AN/LT protocol only, to meet the IEEE link-up time of 3 seconds.
  • 2 = Full Effort (10_effort) is for general usage (NRZ and PAM4), to provide the best performance and stability, but takes the most time to complete compared to other initial adaptation efforts. This is the recommended adaptation mode.

See the "Loading PMA Configuration Register START_ADAPTATION" figure.

You can set the initial adaptation effort using attributes directly. See Initial Adaptation Effort Levels for information on the attributes to send.

Related Information
15 Two’s complement, 16-bits
16 The power-on default is 0. This updates to 160 after running medium or full effort initial adaptation with internal serial loopback disabled. Low effort initial adaptation keeps RF_A at 0.
17 The power-on default is 0. This updates to 130 after running medium or full effort initial adaptation with internal serial loopback disabled.
Level Two Title